ART HISTORY
Dasha Shishkin, "W.A.M. Who Gives a Damn If You Procreate," Sept. 16-Oct. 28, 2006, at Grimm / Rosenfeld, 530 West 25th Street, New York, N.Y. 10001
For her uneven but tantalizing New York solo debut, 29-year-old, Russian-born Dasha Shishkin has boldly painted all the walls of this warren-like gallery fire-engine red. Interspersed and seamlessly blended into this retinal onslaught are eight reddish drawings on Mylar. It’s hard to make out where the walls end and the drawings begin. Everything blends together; it’s optical overload, vertigo, a cognitive nervous breakdown.
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As enticing as Shishkin’s drawings are, they can also look a bit academic and illustrative. What saves her is her dauntlessly confident touch and her deeply freakish imagination. For this show, cryptically and belligerently titled "W.A.M. Who Gives a Damn if You Procreate," Shishkin depicts humanoids who lounge in ritual circles, feast on desserts and give birth to monsters. Some of these characters resemble the tortured bodies from Grünewald’s 16th-century Isenheim Altarpiece; others are so penetratingly odd that they’re straight out of Dickens, the Brothers Grimm and Kafka.
In Moisturize, Moisturize, Moisturize, Shishkin portrays six small open caskets, each with a yellow infant; old women reach for or play with the babies. In Potatoes, nude women recline in open coffins or model for one another; it’s a lesbian wake from a turn-of-the-century department store by way of the aimless characters from the 1961 New Wave film Last Year at Marienbad. These orgies of lassitude turn feral and cannibalistic in Human Flesh Is Sweet to Taste, a drawing of a bloated legless dog suckling five plump pups as female lovers wrestle with or try to devour each other. Shishkin’s work is a riot of styles and artists: Bacon, Brueghel, Bonnard, Lautrec and Henry Darger meet Japonisme, the decorative painter Ludwig Bemelmans and various demented children’s-book illustrators.
Shishkin’s is a melancholic world of exiles, outsiders, old soldiers, grande dames, torpid dandies and tormented souls. She gives us a sort of penal colony populated by zombies from history, literature and fantasy. This is an empire in rot.
In addition to the already mentioned influences, Shishkin’s exhibition is haunted by a particular variety of art-historical ghost. These wraiths and shades of styles-gone-by provide an intriguing key not only to her art but for why a certain period of modernism has exerted such a pull on succeeding generations. The shades of art history that I’m referring to can all be loosely grouped under the rubric of expressionism. This roster includes Klimt, Kokoschka, Schiele and Kirchner, as well as August Macke, Erich Heckel and Karl Schmidt-Rottluff -- all the undead of the art-historical past.
Like these artists, Shishkin eschews issues of structure and form in favor of disarray, depravity, theatricality, trauma, mythic violence and agitated oblivion. As with the expressionists, Shishkin portrays a cathartic limbo where narrative, beauty, humanity and nature turn animalistic. Like her antecedents, Shishkin’s style is at once decorative and a mess; her colors, garish and brash.
The expressionists occupy this no-man’s-land of art history because all of them worked at the exact same moment that Picasso, Braque and the rest were inventing Cubism in France, and numerous others -- from Dalí and Duchamp to Mondrian and Malevich -- were formulating surrealism, Dada, De Stijl and constructivism. These movements are the jewels in the crown of modernism.
Expressionism is all about innerness, essences, fever dreams and angst. Instead of the rules and ideology of Cubism, Constructivism, et al., expressionism has attitude. That attitude, however, is what may make it continually appealing to young artists. Expressionism is a free-floating rebel -- an ism with nothing left to lose. This often makes for god-awful, derivative art. Almost every BFA student passes through an interminable expressionist phase (some never come out of it). The ersatz expressionistic paintings and sculptures in my childhood suburban synagogue were among the ugliest works of art I have ever seen. To this day, expressionism is responsible for much of the bad art that you see in street art fairs.
As appalling as expressionism can be, however, it is also frequently a powerful door-opener; it’s better than spending a lifetime as a self-satisfied 100th-generation School of Paris painter. The "return to painting" in the 1980s was led by Neo-Expressionism. At the end of the decade, Expressionism was instrumental for a true imp of the perverse, the American princess of the bittersweet kingdom bordered by fiction, fashion, photography, history and sheer weirdness, Karen Kilimnik (whose current show at 303 Gallery is sadly unfocused). These days young artists like Kai Althoff, John Bock, Terence Koh and Dana Schutz are also using expressionistic modes to new effect.
All of these artists are far too controlled, rigorous, ironical and self-conscious to be called expressionists. The same goes for Shishkin. Rather, she crawls inside the skin of history, investigates self-destructiveness and desire, dwells on what-might-have-been, and invents an ironic world of spectral phantoms, laughter and suffering. Shishkin refigures a style unmoored from ideology. She serves as an irritant and a generator of chaos.
Yurts and Stalagmites
The great sculptor Mark Di Suvero should be given some sort of presidential metal for his amazing generosity. Twenty years ago this maverick broke ground on a breathtaking triangular piece of Long Island City waterfront across from East Harlem, on what had been an abandoned landfill and an illegal dumpsite. On this plot, he established the four and a half utopian acres known as Socrates Sculpture Park. Since 1986, over 500 artists have been featured in more than 50 exhibitions there.
The current show of 20 emerging artists is more than good enough to prove that my own personal truism, "99 percent of all public sculpture is crap," may no longer be accurate. Almost all of the art here is coming from artists who are interested in outdoor sculpture as more than a decorative object or tedious propaganda tool. This auspicious trend has been amplified of late by organizations like Public Art Fund, the Sculpture Center, Art in General and Creative Time, all of whom have been getting public sculpture into the world in exciting, innovative ways.
At Socrates, nearly every piece provides a jolt: the totem sculpture by Martha Friedman; the dumpsters by Cal Lane; the crotched park bench by Heather Hart; the miniature shanties by Rachel Champion; the Pepto-Bismol-colored yurt by William Bryan Purcell; the obdurate stalagmite by Rudy Shepherd; and the Peanuts cartoon crashed to earth by Ian Cooper. Also outstanding is Ethan Breckenridge’s M.C. Escher-like labyrinthal sculpture, Mamiko Otsubo’s beautiful teeny modernist homes on stilts, and Nicholas Herman’s modular meteorite.
Snoop around and you’ll bump into other excellent pieces. In one of these, Fabienne Lasserre manages to riff on one of modernism’s most revisited objects, Meret Oppenheim’s surrealist fur-lined teacup. Lasserre, narrowly avoiding cliché, combines Magritte and Freud, and covers an entire tree trunk and sundry branches in fur. It’s wild, witty, and subtle. . . like a lot of work here.
"2006 Emerging Artist Fellowship Exhibition," Sept. 10, 2006-Mar. 4, 2007, at Socrates Sculpture Park, 32-01 Vernon Blvd., Long Island City, N.Y. 11106
JERRY SALTZ is art critic for the Village Voice, where this article first appeared. He can be reached at [email protected]
